Development of a Quality Control Framework for Leather Craft MSME Products in Yogyakarta using Integrated BWM-FMEA-GRA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/si.v24i2.694Keywords:
BWM, FMEA, GRA, Leather craft, MSMEAbstract
Leather craft MSMEs have substantial economic potential but often struggle to maintain consistent product quality because production relies on manual craft, artisan experience, and limited formal process controls. At the leather craft MSME specializing in leather bags examined in this study, product defects and customer complaints led to rework, material waste, and potential reputational loss. This study develops a case-based quality failure risk prioritization framework that integrates the Best-Worst Method (BWM), Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Although FMEA, BWM, and GRA have each been applied separately in prior quality-risk studies, their integration remains limited in the leather craft MSME context. Failure risks were identified through observation and interviews, weighted by severity, occurrence, and detection using BWM, rated using FMEA, and prioritized using GRA. The analysis identified 35 failure risks across 13 production stages. Detection received the highest criterion weight, followed by severity and occurrence. GRA ranked 12 highest-priority risks across nine stages, led by inappropriate pattern-making and peeled or scratched product components. For the priority failure risk occurring at the raw material stage, moldy leather was further examined in accordance with SNI 06-0335-1989 (Indonesian National Standard for Cow Leather for Bags and Suitcases – Quality Requirements and Test Methods). The test results revealed nonconformity in moisture content, total ash content, and thickness. These findings indicate that the integrated BWM-FMEA-GRA framework provides a systematic basis for prioritizing quality failure risks and formulating targeted, appropriate quality control recommendations that address the resource constraints of leather craft MSMEs.
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